{"id":329,"date":"2014-03-28T06:48:49","date_gmt":"2014-03-27T21:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.okigei.ac.jp\/PhD\/?p=329"},"modified":"2025-10-09T21:37:18","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T12:37:18","slug":"shinjo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.okigei.ac.jp\/PhD\/research\/dr-dissertation\/shinjo","title":{"rendered":"\u7409\u7403\u53e4\u5178\u97f3\u697d\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u7814\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"<dl>\n<dt>\u6c0f\u540d\uff08\u672c\u7c4d\uff09<\/dt>\n<dd><ruby>\u65b0\u57ce \u4e98<rp>\uff08<\/rp><rt>\u3057\u3093\u3058\u3087\u3046 \u308f\u305f\u308b<\/rt><rp>\uff09<\/rp><\/ruby>\uff08\u6c96\u7e04\u770c\uff09<\/dd>\n<dt>\u5b66\u4f4d\u306e\u7a2e\u985e<\/dt>\n<dd>\u535a\u58eb\uff08\u82b8\u8853\u5b66\uff09<\/dd>\n<dt>\u5b66\u4f4d\u8a18\u756a\u53f7<\/dt>\n<dd>\u535a2<\/dd>\n<dt>\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e0e\u65e5<\/dt>\n<dd>\u5e73\u621018\u5e743\u670817\u65e5<\/dd>\n<dt>\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e0e\u306e\u6761\u4ef6<\/dt>\n<dd>\u5b66\u4f4d\u898f\u5b9a\u7b2c4\u6761\u306e2<\/dd>\n<dt>\u5b66\u4f4d\u8ad6\u6587\u984c\u76ee<\/dt>\n<dd>\u7409\u7403\u53e4\u5178\u97f3\u697d\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u7814\u7a76<\/dd>\n<dt>\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u516c\u8868<\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>\u5be9\u67fb\u59d4\u54e1<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6559\u6388\u3000\u91d1\u57ce \u539a\uff3b\u4e3b\u67fb\uff3d<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u6388\u3000\u84b2\u751f \u7f8e\u6d25\u5b50<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u5e38\u52e4\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3000\u5927\u6e7e \u6e05\u4e4b\uff08\u6b4c\u4e09\u7dda\u5b9f\u6f14\u5bb6\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u6559\u6388\u3000\u5927\u585a \u62dc\u5b50<\/li>\n<li>\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u3000\u4e45\u4e07\u7530 \u664b<\/li>\n<li>\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u3000\u6885\u7530 \u82f1\u6625<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<div id=\"tab-yk4r\" class=\"dp_sc_tab\" role=\"application\">\n<ul class=\"dp_sc_tab_ul\" role=\"tablist\">\n<li id=\"tab_li_lmhn\" aria-controls=\"tab_div_lmhn\" aria-selected=\"true\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><span>\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u8981\u65e8<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"tab_li_l01d\" aria-controls=\"tab_div_l01d\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><span>\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u82f1\u6587\u8981\u65e8\uff08English\uff09<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"tab_li_gwkx\" aria-controls=\"tab_div_gwkx\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><span>\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"tab_li_5a3z\" aria-controls=\"tab_div_5a3z\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\"><span>\u8ad6\u6587\u5be9\u67fb\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8981\u65e8<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div 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role=\"tabpanel\">\n<h2>\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u8981\u65e8<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u306f\u3001\u6c96\u7e04\u306b\u4f1d\u627f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7409\u7403\u53e4\u5178\u97f3\u697d\u306e\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6f14\u594f\u69d8\u5f0f\u3068\u97f3\u697d\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u6f14\u594f\u69d8\u5f0f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6f14\u594f\u5bb6\u306e\u500b\u6027\u3084\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u697d\u66f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65cb\u5f8b\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3059\u308b\u6f14\u594f\u6cd5\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u4f1d\u627f\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u91ce\u6751\u6d41\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u305b\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6982\u89b3\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7409\u7403\u56fd\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u697d\u4eba\u306b\u77e5\u5ff5\u7e3e\u9ad8\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6b63\u5143\u3001\u91ce\u6751\u5b89\u8d99\u3089\u304c\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u6d3b\u8e8d\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u6d41\u6d3e\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u304c\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6642\u671f\u3092\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u30fb\u91ce\u6751\u6d41\u306e\u300c\u840c\u82bd\u671f\u300d\u3068\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u8fd1\u4ee3\u306e\u91d1\u6b66\u826f\u4ec1\u3084\u4f0a\u5dee\u5ddd\u4e16\u745e\u304c\u6d3b\u8e8d\u3057\u305f\u6642\u4ee3\u306f\u4e21\u6d41\u306e\u300c\u8349\u5275\u671f\u300d\u306b\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u805e\u793e\u4e3b\u50ac\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u7b49\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u305f\u300c\u666e\u53ca\u671f\u300d\u3068\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3088\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6b74\u53f2\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u3068\u91ce\u6751\u6d41\u306f\u72ec\u81ea\u8272\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6df7\u8ff7\u671f\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u4e16\u4ee3\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u306b\u3068\u3082\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u4f1d\u7fd2\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u624b\u69d8\u300d\u306e\u4f1d\u627f\u304c\u3001\u5371\u3046\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3053\u3067\u307e\u305a\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u6f14\u594f\u69d8\u5f0f\u3092\u898b\u76f4\u3057\u3001\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066\u3053\u308c\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e00\u3064\u306f\u3001\u5bcc\u539f\u5b88\u6e05\u304c\u300e\u7409\u7403\u97f3\u697d\u8003\u300f\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u541f\u6cd5\u300d\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3001\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u306f\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u300c\u541f\u6cd5\u300d\u3068\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u624b\u69d8\u300d\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u69d8\u5f0f\u3084\u3001\u305d\u306e\u97f3\u697d\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u97f3\u306e\u5fae\u5999\u306a\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3084\u3001\u9593\u306e\u9577\u77ed\u306a\u3069\u3092\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u97f3\u58f0\u5206\u6790\u88c5\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u306a\u3069\u3067\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u6b4c\u3044\u51fa\u3057\u300d\u300c\u5207\u5148\u300d\u300c\u6291\u3048\u541f\u300d\u300c\u8d77\u3057\u541f\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u6f14\u3067\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6f14\u594f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u4e21\u6d41\u3068\u3082\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u6d41\u6d3e\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3059\u308b\u300c\u541f\u6cd5\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u306f\u3001\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u304a\u3088\u3073\u91ce\u6751\u6d41\u306e\u6f14\u594f\u69d8\u5f0f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u4e00\u5074\u9762\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u51a8\u7956\u6d41\u306e\u4f1d\u7fd2\u6cd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id=\"tab_div_l01d\" class=\"tab_content\" aria-labeledby=\"tab_li_l01d\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n<h2>\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u82f1\u6587\u8981\u65e8<\/h2>\n<h3>A Study of the Afuso Lineage of Ryukyu Classical Music<\/h3>\n<p>The purpose of this thesis is the clarification of the performance style and musical meaning in the Afuso lineage (<i>ryuu<\/i>) of Okinawan classical music, which is transmitted in Okinawa prefecture, Japan.<\/p>\n<p>The thesis starts with an outline of the history and transmission of the Afuso lineage, from its beginnings in the Ryukyu kingdom period up to the present. The lineage is currently going through a period of confusion \u2015 an increase in numbers of a new generation of students studying the Afuso lineage has been accompanied by a weakening of the transmission of <i>\u2018t\u012by\u014d\u2019<\/i>, a traditional teaching method of the Afuso lineage.<\/p>\n<p>Two factors are identified as being central to the Afuso style. First is the concept of <i>\u2018jin\u2019<\/i> (vocal technique), outlined by Tomihara Shusei in <i>Ryukyu Ongakuk\u0101<\/i> Second are <i>\u2018t\u012by\u014d\u2019<\/i> (hand movements), which are inseparably linked to <i>\u2018jin\u2019<\/i>. In order to understand performance style and meaning, the subtle pitch inflections and expansion or contraction of beat which occur in performance were measured using electronic voice analysis. With reference to previous studies of vocal techniques, various types of <i>jin<\/i> were measured in performance. This lead to the conclusion that each lineage has its own distinct method of executing <i>jin<\/i>. This difference in execution is an important element in identifying the performance style of each lineage.<\/p>\n<p>In the transmission practice of the Afuso lineage, the sanshin part is notated in kunkunshi tablature notation, while the vocal line is transmitted orally from teacher to student. <i>T\u012by\u014d<\/i> are used in this oral teaching process as a way to show inflections of beat and pitch not notated in the kunkunshi, and can be seen to be a special characteristic of the Afuso lineage. Using video footage of the performer Miyazato Haruyuki, <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> were observed, categorised and given names, and the meaning and purpose of each type of <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> was considered. <i>T\u012by\u014d<\/i> can be seen variously to aid vocal and rhythmic timing, as well as vocal inflection.<\/p>\n<p>Just as notation is used as the standard for transmission, <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> are used in the Afuso lineage as a standard for musical transmission. I have attempted the production of a notation for <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> which should be of value for the purposes of teaching.<\/p>\n<p><i>Jin<\/i> and <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> are really opposite sides of the same coin. <i>Jin<\/i> is the vocal line actually produced, while <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> can be seen as producing the \u2018desired\u2019 vocal line. At the point where <i>t\u012by\u014d<\/i> movements become transmitted into vocal production, an increased amplitude of waveform in the measured sound graph of the vocal line is observed.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, the music of the Afuso lineage does not follow the beat markings of the notation in a strict manner, but uses body movements in order to denote the rhythm and dynamics that are to be expressed. <i>T\u012by\u014d<\/i> movements are used to realise <i>jin<\/i>, allowing a certain freedom in the production of the vocal line, and in this manner the music is transmitted to the next generation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"tab_div_gwkx\" class=\"tab_content\" aria-labeledby=\"tab_li_gwkx\" aria-hidden=\"true\" 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